Posts Tagged ‘Golden Age’

New York’s Gay Night Life

Friday, December 30th, 2011

One of the many books that I’ve borrowed from my local libraries is The Simon & Kirby Superheroes hardcover. Published in late 2010 by Titan, it’s a hefty, oversized, and handsomely printed behemoth, weighing at least 5 pounds, that collects over 450 pages of Simon & Kirby’s superhero lesser known comics from smaller publishers. Check the book out if you’re a Simon and Kirby fan or have a liking for D list characters. Their earliest work here is a trio of tales recounting the incredibly short lived adventures of the Black Owl. Black Owl who was secretly society playboy Doug Danville was a riff on Batman, only with a blue and red costume topped off with a yellow crested hood and a less than impressive villain menacingly named “the Whistler”. Right, not so menacing – the villain and the costume! Then there’s love interest Terry Dane, seen below. Doug thinks she’s playing hard to get by being a private detective. Alas, this was just an example of the female character being intrigued by the seductiveness of a the heroic, idealized man.

Here in “The Return of the Whistler” from Prize Comics #8 (1941) Terry has been hired by the owner of the luxury yacht SS Camelot and has just confronted Doug, disguised as a Swedish sailor, who’s out to protect her because he’s certain she’s really just a damsel in distress and may fall prey to the Whistler again, who does show up again. Hey, what more do you need to know? It’s a supercompressed story even at 9 pages!

Art by Jack Kirby

Now why write about this one panel from from a Golden Age comic about an obscure character? It’s the word “gay”. Simon almost certainly used it to mean happy and festive, not, you know, gay “gay”. All the same, I’d like to think that given all the queer goings on in Harlem that weren’t a big secret at the time that Joe Simon meant gay like Judy Garland fans.

The Art Instructor

Friday, January 28th, 2011

In volume one of the Batman Archives is the Batman story originally printed in Detective #41. It’s the third appearance of Dick Grayson and Robin who plays an important role in this untitled story. One night a homocidal maniac escapes from an asylum. Even before Arkham it seems Gotham had trouble keeping villains incarcerated. The same night at Blake School For Boys (ahem) the superintendent is murdered outdoors on school grounds and student Ted Spencer is kidnapped from his bed. All of these events catch Bruce Wayne’s attention in the following day’s newspaper, requiring Batman’s involvement, with the help of Dick. One day later Bruce enrolls Dick in the private school.

Mr Blake himself shows Bruce and Dick around the school, and introduces Mr. Graves the art instructor. Graves caught my attention for several reasons and led me to wonder if Bill Finger and Bob Kane intended Graves to be gay. One reason is because art teachers (at all boys schools!) aren’t often shown in comics, though his art background figures in to the plot, and most importantly because of the way he’s depicted. He wears a frilly neck scarf, which may have had some contemporary popularity of which I’m unaware. His hair is upswept and appears more feminine in comparison to how the other male characters have their hair drawn. Lastly, in two panels his hand gestures seem more typically feminine. While he is an older character, to my eye it appears he was drawn to look less attractive. Aside from his appearance and mannerisms all we know is he’s excited to have a new student and his artistic eye is for engraving, which requires a good eye for detail and a steady hand.

Fresh faced and eager, Dick settles in to the school all the while investigating. As Robin, he finds the missing diary of the kidnapped boy, which the police just couldn’t find because (gasp!) it was in a jumble of school books on his desk. A masked man fights Robin for the diary, and quickly disappears after stealing it away. Minutes later, he comes across the homocidal maniac (remember him?) trying to stab a janitor he thinks is an asylum guard. They tussle, and Robin disappears at the sound of policeman who capture the unstable man, leading everyone to assume the perp is captured. Not so, thinks Dick, who that night discovers Blake is murdered and trails the masked man through secret tunnels after finding him in a class room. Thank goodness Batman appears from nowhere to help Robin fight the thugs who’re part of the masked figure’s gang! Sweet victory belongs to our youthful crimefighter when he slingshots a rock at the mystery villain. Batman unmasks the fallen rogue and reveals the bad guy to be Mr Graves, our fussy, otherwise mild-mannered art instructor. It seems he and Blake had a counterfeiting operation and the boy saw the costumed Graves one night.

In decades past gay characters appearing in media were usually coded and burdened with any number of stereotypes, including being evil, unworthy of love or happiness, fussy and effeminate, and predatory. Oh wait, some people still think these are true today! Proclaiming Graves a gay character representation may be a stretch, but he does seem a curiosity to me.

Dudley Jones – Crossdressing Villain

Saturday, January 16th, 2010

On the subject of stereotypes in comics Jet Heer recently wrote a column titled “Mickey Mouse, Homophobe“. Heer presents several examples of gay stereotypes used in comic strips, of which the most famous character is Mickey Mouse in a strip from 1931. In a second post, Heer presents earlier evidence with a copy of a Nisby the Newsboy strip featuring a street tough dressed up as a “real fairy” in a ballerina costume. Where Heer’s illustrations are disparaging, he points to Robert Boyd’s piece highlighting examples from the early 1930s in which E. C. Segar has Popeye cheerfully wearing women’s clothing.

Granted today it’s understood (at least by some) that crossdressing isn’t an automatic confirmation of non-heterosexuality.In some recent reading I came across “The Sandman Meets with Murder” from Adventure #46 (January 1940). The typically thin plot involves Wesley Dodds reconnecting with college buddy Dudley Jones. Dodds and Jones have a mutual college friend, Charley Hall who’s an advertising wunderkind. They try to pay a visit to Hall but discover Hall and his fiancée are out. Suspecting something amiss, Dodds returns as Sandman and finds Hall murdered. Packed into the story’s ten pages is a gun-toting blond and her dead twin, extortion, counterfeiting, and a conniving, crossdressing villain revealed as Wesley’s friend Dudley Jones. Jones crumples to the floor after accidentally, fatally shooting himself. His disguise revealed, Jones confesses his string of crimes motivated by hate.

Extortionist, counterfeiter, murderer. How else can the villain be made more vile? Turn him into a crossdresser because it’s such a logical choice for disguise. A big thank you to the uncredited writer for reveling in clichés.

Art by Bert Christman

Sanjak

Tuesday, November 24th, 2009

In an article titled “Coming Out in the Comic Strips“, David Applegate outlines two characters created for TERRY AND THE PIRATES by Milt Caniff. One of these two characters is named Sanjak, and she is a French Naval officer. In her first appearance in the Sunday comics of February 12, 1939, Sanjak is disguised as “Madame Sud.” In the following day’s strip,  she removes her matronly dress and wig while April Kane, another character, looks out the window. Sanjak, now looking more male and wearing a coat, tie, and skirt, revealed herself to a shocked April. Sanjak comments, “M’m'selle ees surprise! . . . But not half so surprise as she weell be soon!”

Applegate recounts a comment from Caniff published in Comics Journal #108: “…in those days the word ‘lesbian’ simply wouldn’t have been understood by half your audience, and the other half would have resented it.” According to the article, Caniff further coded the character’s sexuality by naming her “Sanjak” which has an association (though still unclear to me) with the island of Lesbos, from which, thanks to the ancient Greek poet Sappho, the word lesbian is derived. In the strip that ran on March 24, 1939, Caniff reveals that Sanjak lived on a rocky island described as “an ideal hideaway.” Applegate’s article doesn’t discuss other appearances of the character, and I’ve been unsuccessful in finding other articles on Sanjak. Please contact me if you are familiar with this character.

© and ® presumably the Estate of Milt Caniff. Used without permission.
sanjak2

The scan of this strip was posted by Jeet Heer in an entry documenting some early examples of gay and lesbian character portrayals in comic strips on his sanseverything blog.

sanjak3B

Blue Snowman

Thursday, October 1st, 2009

bluesnowman1Contributed by Ronald Byrd

School teacher Byrna Brilyant’s scientist father died while working on his invention of “blue snow,” a special form of precipitation that freezes everything it touches. This invention was intended to “serve humanity,” although precisely how seems rather vague. Thinking to put her father’s work to more profitable use, Byrna creates the masculine identity of the Blue Snow Man and unleashes the petrifying power of blue snow upon the farming community of Fair Weather Valley demanding each farmer’s “life savings” in return for the chemical antidote that will free crops, livestock, and people from the snow’s effects. The Blue Snow Man is discovered in “his” mountain sanctuary by Wonder Woman, who forces “him” to defrost the valley. The Blue Snow Man, like many of Wonder Woman’s enemies, is sentenced to prison on the Amazon penal colony Transformation Island, but in 1948 she and seven other female super-villains escape and pool their talents as Villainy, Incorporated; led by the Saturnian slaver Eviless, the evil eight are again defeated by Wonder Woman. Byrna, also known as the Blue Snow Man, retained her male appearance and name in this second appearance, but what if anything is to be made of her choice of criminal identities with regard to her sexual orientation is unknown.

Art by Amanda Conner

Art by Amanda Conner

Blue Snowman made a surprise appearance as a villain on the run from Doctor Mid-Nite and Power Girl in Power Girl #7 by Justin Gray, Jimmy Palmiotti, and Amanda Conner. Described as a “former Wonder Woman foe with gender issues”, Snowman’s guise had been updated to that of a retro-style robot. The blue snow had been adapted for use through technology incorporated into the suit and pipe. Power Girl easily stops Snowman and is then distracted by the appearance of Vartox (a Supermnan foe) who has decided to make her his mate. To expedite matters, Vartox intends to seduce Kara with a pheromone based weapon. Instead, Snowman is seduced and very eager to fulfill Vartox’s desires. Such behavior doesn’t necessarily clarify Byrna’s orientation or gender identity. With Kara unaffected and justifiably offended, Vartox relies on his plan B, a demonstration of his masculinity by fighting an Ix Negaspike, the last of its kind and possibly an example of vagina dentata. Confused and disoriented by the pheromone weapon (and simply comic cannon fodder), Snowman rushes the creature to protect Vartox and is instead swallowed in two gulps by it.

As an enemy of Wonder Woman during World War II, the Blue Snow Man originally, one would assume, existed on Earth-2; following the Crisis on Infinite Earths, history was altered so that Wonder Woman’s golden age adventures never took place, leaving her enemies of that era primarily in oblivion. However, continuity reconsiderations have determined that Wonder Woman’s mother, Hippolyte, was active as Wonder Woman during World War II. It remains unclear if the Wonder Woman Blue Snowman fought was Hippolyte during World War II or Diana in an undocumented adventure. Considering her obscurity, no one will probably lose sleep over the mystery. Prior to Power Girl #7 the only original golden age rogue re-established into current continuity had been Dr. Poison (see Wonder Woman #151 or the entry on Dr. Poison).

The Blue Snow Man possessed no superhuman powers; she originally relied upon a “telescopic snow ray” which she used to create petrifying blizzards and a “defroster ray” to reverse their effect.

This profile was resourced using information from The Encyclopedia of Comic Book Heroes, Volume 2: Wonder Woman, written by Michael Fleisher.

The Blue Snow Man’s only appearances are Sensation Comics #59, 1946 and the later Wonder Woman #28.

© and ® DC Comics. Used without permission. Images provided by Mike S.

Dr. Poison

Thursday, October 1st, 2009

Contributed by Ronald Byrd

In 1942 Doctor Poison (AKA Princess Maru), who disguises her gender via a bulky hooded costume and mask, was the leader of a Nazi spy ring whose ultimate goal was to wreak havoc in the US Army by contaminating the army’s water with “reverso,” a drug that “confuses the brain centers…[making] soldiers do the exact opposite of what they are told.” This plan is foiled by the Amazon heroine Wonder Woman and Doctor Poison is imprisoned, but she later escapes and, in 1943, now working for Japan, grounds all US planes along the front of China via a “green gas” which “enters the carburetor and stops the engine.” Wonder Woman halts this scheme as well, and Doctor Poison is imprisoned on Transformation Island, the Amazon penal colony. She is not seen again until 1948, when she and seven other female super-villains escape and pool their talents as Villainy, Incorporated; led by the Saturnian slaver Eviless, the evil eight are again defeated by Wonder Woman. Throughout most of her first appearance Doctor Poison was believed to be a male due to her disguise, and she retained this “drag king” garb in her later appearances; whether this guise was simply a necessity of assuming power within the male-dominated Axis governments or indicative of something else is difficult to say at this late date.
drpoison1
In Wonder Woman #151 (volume #2), an unnamed grandchild of the original Dr. Poison appears in league with the demi-goddess Devastation. Dr. Poison’s gender remains ambiguous, the only clues being long fingernails and a lipsticked grimace somewhat like the Joker’s. While the continuity of most golden age Wonder Woman stories remains unspecified, it is made clear that Hippolyte, Wonder Woman’s mother, did fight Doctor Poison during the time Hippolyte spent as a heroine in the 1940s. Whether or not the rest of Wonder Woman’s original golden age rogues’ gallery has similarly been re-established into existence is unknown at this time.”

Doctor Poison possessed no superhuman powers but was a chemical genius. She was a spy, Chief of Nazi Poison Division, and Chemical Research Chief of the Japanese army. Since neither Nazi Germany nor Imperial Japan was ruled by a monarchy, precisely what Doctor Poison, a.k.a. Princess Maru, was princess of is unclear.

The Golden Age Dr. Poison first appeared in Sensation Comics #2 (1942) and is later seen in Sensation Comics #24 and Wonder Woman #28. Scan provided by Mike S.

© and ® of DC Comics. Used without permission.

Hypnota the Great

Thursday, October 1st, 2009

hypnota1Contributed by Ronald Byrd

A stage magician who conceals her gender via masculine costume and false facial hair, Hypnota (real name unknown) was accidentally shot in the head during the rehearsal of one of her act’s illusions. Experimental surgery saved her life, but it also released a “blue electric ray of dominance” from her “mid-brain,” granting her the ability to mesmerize others with a glance. Hypnota uses this new talent both in her stage act and in crime, including the selling of her mesmerized victims to slave merchants from the planet Saturn. When Saturn’s slave trade in Earthlings is banned as part of a peace treaty with Earth, Hypnota, hoping to revitalize her source of revenue, steals America’s contingency defense plans against the ringed world in order to foment hostility and break the treaty. Her warmongering efforts are thwarted by the heroic Wonder Woman with the aid of Hypnota’s twin sister Serva, who had been her magician’s assistant as well as an unwilling aide in her crimes. Hypnota, like many of Wonder Woman’s enemies, is sentenced to prison on the Amazon penal colony Transformation Island, but in 1948 she and seven other female super-villains escape and pool their talents as Villainy, Incorporated. Led by the Saturnian slaver Eviless, the evil eight are again defeated by Wonder Woman. Whether or not Hypnota’s masculine garb, which concealed her true gender throughout most of her first appearance and which she retained in her second appearance, is to be taken as anything more than a stage affectation is unclear.

As an enemy of Wonder Woman during World War II, Hypnota originally, one would assume, existed on Earth-2; following the Crisis on Infinite Earths, history was altered so that Wonder Woman’s golden age adventures never took place, leaving her enemies of that era primarily in oblivion. However, continuity reconsiderations have recently determined that Wonder Woman’s mother, Hippolyte, was active as Wonder Woman during World War II. To date, the only original golden age rogue re-established into current continuity has been Dr. Poison.

Hypnota was able to project “blue hypnotic rays” from her eyes and hands. Anyone who fell under the influence of these rays became slaves to her every command. She was also skilled in the use of various stage tricks.

Hypnota first appeared in Wonder Woman #11 (1944) and is last seen in Wonder Woman #28.

© and ® of DC Comics. Used without permission. Scan provided by Mike S